Posts

What is a Complete Heart Block

What is a Complete Heart Block

Heart block, also known as atrioventricular (AV) block, is a problem with how the heart’s electrical system works. When someone has a heart block, their heartbeat becomes irregular and slow. Sometimes, it might even pause for around 20 seconds at a time. This happens because something is blocking or slowing down the electrical signals that control the heart’s rhythm. This blockage can occur because of damage or injury to the heart valves or muscles.

Because the heart itself is the one causing the blockage, it usually doesn’t require direct treatment. However, the underlying health issues that led to the heart block might need attention.

Heart block can cause symptoms like feeling your heart beating irregularly (palpitations), fainting, feeling dizzy, or even chest pain. Depending on how severe it is, heart block can be dangerous. For example, a complete heart block, also called third-degree heart block, can make existing health problems worse. It could even lead to passing out or sudden cardiac arrest.

What is a Heart Block?

Heart block messes with how the heart’s electrical signals work. Normally, your heart beats around 60 to 100 times per minute when you’re resting. Each beat pushes blood through your body. Your heart’s muscle contractions are controlled by electrical signals that move from the upper chambers (atria) to the lower chambers (ventricles).

Partial heart block happens when these electrical signals are slowed down or partly blocked. This can mess up the timing of your heartbeats and how well your heart pumps blood.

A complete heart block is when the electrical signals are completely messed up or stopped. This can slow your heartbeat down to around 40 times per minute. Even tiny changes in these signals, lasting just a fraction of a second, can cause heart block.

Sometimes, heart block makes it hard for your heart to pump blood around your body. This means less oxygen gets to your muscles and organs, including your brain, which can mess with how well they work.

Types of Heart Block

Heart block comes in three types:

First-degree heart block: This is a minor hiccup in the heartbeat that might make you feel like your heart skips a beat. It’s usually not a big deal and often doesn’t need treatment.

Second-degree heart block: In this type, some electrical signals struggle to get through to your heart. This can lead to skipped or dropped heartbeats. When the signal from the upper chambers (atria) can’t make it to the lower chambers (ventricles), the heart might not pump properly. It can make you feel dizzy, and sometimes you might need a pacemaker to help regulate your heartbeat.

Complete heart block or third-degree heart block: This happens when the electrical signals can’t travel properly between the upper and lower chambers of the heart. It’s pretty common among people with heart issues. It can be caused by surgery damaging the atrioventricular node (AV node), or it might happen on its own. To fix the heart’s rhythm, you’d need an artificial pacemaker. Without one, there’s a higher risk of a heart attack for people with complete heart block.

Heart Block Symptoms

When someone has complete heart block, they might experience:

  • Chest pain
  • Feeling like their heart is fluttering, pounding, or skipping (palpitations)
  • Dizziness or feeling like they might faint (pre-syncope)
  • Shortness of breath
  • Extreme tiredness or fatigue
  • Fainting (syncope)
  • Slow heartbeat (bradycardia)

These symptoms can be serious and even life-threatening. If you or someone else has these symptoms, it’s important to call for an ambulance or contact your local emergency medical service right away.

Causes of Heart Block

Most people diagnosed with complete heart block already have an underlying heart condition, such as congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, or coronary heart disease. Age can also play a role, as the heart’s electrical pathways age too. Certain medications and imbalances in electrolytes can also contribute to complete heart block.

Diagnosing Heart Block

To diagnose heart block, a person would typically visit a heart specialist called a cardiologist for a complete heart evaluation. The cardiologist would review the person’s medical history, including any past heart tests they’ve had.

The doctor might ask questions about the person’s overall health, diet, activity level, and family medical history. They’ll also ask about any medications, including over-the-counter and prescription drugs, as well as alcohol, drug use, or smoking habits.

Next, the person will undergo a thorough physical exam. The doctor will check their pulse, measure their heart rate and rhythm, and look for signs of heart failure, like fluid retention in the feet or legs.

Heart block is diagnosed using an Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), which records the heart’s electrical activity. This test creates a graph showing the heart’s rhythm, rate, and timing of electrical signals as they move through the heart.

If the doctor needs to monitor the person’s heart over a longer period, they might recommend wearing a Holter Monitor. This is a small, portable ECG machine that continuously monitors the heart for 24 to 72 hours. It can help detect problems that may not show up on a standard ECG done at rest.

Treatment of  Heart Block

Complete heart block can be very serious, so the specialist might suggest medication or implanting a pacemaker, depending on how severe it is.

Medications: The patient might get prescribed anti-arrhythmic medications. These drugs can change the heart’s electrical signals and help prevent disruptions in its electrical system.

Pacemaker: Implanting a pacemaker involves a small surgery. The device has two wires that attach to the right side of the heart. It acts like a backup electrical system, reminding the heart to beat at a normal rate if it slows down or stops.

Complete heart block is a big deal, so getting the right diagnosis and treatment is super important. Make sure to see a highly skilled and experienced heart specialist for proper care.

/by

How Does Sugar Affect Your Cholesterol?

How Does Sugar Affect Your Cholesterol

The impact of sugar on cholesterol levels is significant. Studies have shown that excessive sugar intake contributes to elevated cholesterol levels, particularly increasing markers associated with cardiovascular diseases. Consuming high amounts of added sugar has been linked to reduced levels of ‘good’ cholesterol, known as high-density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL plays a crucial role in transporting excess ‘bad’ cholesterol, or low-density lipoprotein (LDL), to the liver.

What To Know About Excess Intake of Sugar?

Added sugar refers to any caloric sweetener incorporated into processed or prepared foods. Besides elevating calorie intake, added sugar needs to be nutritional. It’s advised that women limit daily sugar consumption to 100 calories, while men should restrict it to 150 calories, equating to approximately 6 teaspoons for women and 9 teaspoons for men.

Both added sugars and simple carbohydrates are swiftly converted into sugar within the body. This encompasses not only desserts like cakes or cookies but also foods derived from refined grains, such as bread and white rice. Elevated blood sugar levels lead to increased cholesterol levels, notably very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and diminished levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Prolonged high blood sugar can also inflict damage on arterial linings.

When ingested, carbohydrates are metabolized into sugar, prompting the body to release insulin to regulate blood sugar levels. Insulin, a crucial hormone, ensures sugar storage for future energy needs between meals. Over time, this mechanism stores sugar and shifts the body into a storage-oriented mode.

As blood sugar levels rise, HDL or “good” cholesterol levels decline, while levels of triglycerides, and fats associated with cardiovascular risks, escalate. Hence, a direct correlation exists between a person’s sugar intake and their HDL and triglyceride levels. Increased sugar consumption correlates with lower HDL and higher triglycerides.

Excessive consumption of added sugar not only triples the risk of low HDL levels but also serves as a significant risk factor for heart disease. While high cholesterol often evokes thoughts of foods rich in saturated or trans fats, they aren’t the sole contributors to elevated cholesterol levels that warrant attention.

Causes of Elevated Cholesterol Levels

Elevated cholesterol levels result in the accumulation of fatty deposits along the walls of blood vessels, gradually obstructing blood flow. In some instances, these deposits can rupture suddenly, forming clots that may trigger strokes or heart attacks.

While some individuals inherit high cholesterol, unhealthy lifestyles or dietary habits are primarily responsible in most cases. Therefore, adopting a healthy lifestyle comprising balanced eating habits, regular exercise, and, if necessary, appropriate medication is one of the most effective means to prevent high cholesterol.

Cholesterol, a waxy substance in the bloodstream, is essential for building healthy cells. However, elevated cholesterol levels increase the risk of heart disease and related complications. The majority of cholesterol in the body is produced internally rather than absorbed from the diet. Hence, managing cholesterol entails avoiding foods that stimulate the body’s cholesterol production rather than solely focusing on dietary cholesterol.

Cholesterol is transported in the blood bound to proteins, forming lipoproteins. These lipoprotein-protein complexes determine the different types of cholesterol present in the body:

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), commonly referred to as “bad” cholesterol, carries cholesterol particles throughout the body. Accumulation of LDL cholesterol on arterial walls causes them to harden and narrow, impeding blood flow and potentially leading to severe complications.

High-density lipoprotein (HDL), known as “good” cholesterol, removes excess or unnecessary cholesterol from the body and transports it to the liver for elimination.

Symptoms of Cholesterol

While there isn’t a specific symptom directly correlating to blood cholesterol levels, high cholesterol can manifest through various related issues. These include angina (chest pain resulting from heart disease), stroke, hypertension, and circulatory disorders. Additionally, soft, yellowish skin growths known as lesions or xanthomas may suggest a genetic inclination toward cholesterol concerns. Individuals with diabetes or obesity are also prone to elevated cholesterol levels. Moreover, arteries impacted by high cholesterol can contribute to erectile dysfunction in men.

Prevention and Management

High cholesterol is manageable, and reducing it also decreases the risk of stroke and heart disease. Adults must undergo periodic cholesterol testing. If any issues arise, consulting a doctor for personalized strategies to regulate cholesterol levels is essential.

To lower cholesterol, it’s advisable to limit saturated fat intake to 5-6% of daily calorie consumption and minimize trans fat consumption. This involves reducing the intake of red meat and full-fat dairy products. Avoiding or minimizing fried foods and opting for cooking oils like vegetable oil is also recommended.

Adopting a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, whole grains, vegetables, fish, nuts, and poultry while limiting sugary foods and beverages is beneficial. Such a diet also boosts fiber intake, which can lower cholesterol levels by nearly 10%.

Maintain Heart Health and Wellness

Leading a sedentary lifestyle diminishes HDL levels in the body, resulting in decreased “good” cholesterol available to remove “bad” cholesterol (LDL) from arteries.

Engaging in approximately 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercises per week effectively regulates blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Activities such as swimming, brisk walking, dancing, and cycling are beneficial for achieving this goal.

Smoking diminishes HDL levels, exacerbating the risk of heart disease in individuals with unhealthy cholesterol levels. Quitting smoking can contribute to reducing cholesterol levels, while non-smokers should avoid exposure to second-hand smoke.

Obesity can elevate LDL levels and lower HDL levels. Consequently, weight loss can significantly improve cholesterol levels, with even a 10% reduction in weight making a notable difference.

Implementing behavioral changes can play a crucial role in maintaining healthy cholesterol levels. However, if lifestyle adjustments fail to yield significant improvements, medication may be prescribed to effectively manage cholesterol levels.

/by

Heart Transplant in Delhi

Heart Transplant in Delhi

Looking for a heart transplant in Delhi? We know a heart transplant is a big decision. It’s more than just surgery, it’s a chance for a new lease on life. That’s why our team of highly skilled heart specialists, surgeons, and caregivers is dedicated to providing exceptional care every step of the way.

We use the latest technology and our extensive experience to create personalized treatment plans for each patient. Our goal is to not only heal your heart but also to improve your overall quality of life after the transplant.  This commitment makes Ayushman Hospital one of the leading heart transplant centers in Delhi, India.

What is a Heart Transplant?

A heart transplant involves surgically replacing a diseased heart with a healthy one obtained from a donor. This operation is usually performed for people with severe heart failure or coronary artery disease when other treatments haven’t worked. It’s a major surgery, but it can be a life-saving option for people who are very sick.

Is a heart transplant in Delhi right for me?

A heart transplant is a major surgery considered when all other treatments have failed. Doctors recommend it for patients with severe heart failure where their heart can’t pump blood effectively anymore. This surgery offers a chance for a longer and improved life, but it’s important to explore all options with your doctor first.

What can cause heart failure?

Heart failure arises when the heart inadequately pumps blood. Presented below are some key contributing factors:

  • Weakened Heart Muscles: This can be caused by a condition called dilated cardiomyopathy, where the heart muscle becomes enlarged, thickened, or stiff.
  • Severe Coronary Artery Disease: When plaque builds up in your arteries and damages your heart tissue, it can lead to severe coronary artery disease and eventual heart failure.
  • Birth Defects: Some people are born with heart abnormalities that can’t be fully corrected with regular surgery. These may require a heart transplant or even a combined heart and lung transplant.
  • Valve Problems: If one of your heart valves is damaged or defective (valvular heart disease), it can interfere with blood flow and contribute to heart failure.
  • Previous Transplant Failure: In rare cases, a previously transplanted heart might not function properly anymore, necessitating another transplant.

Who can get a heart transplant?

A heart transplant is a life-saving option for people with severe heart failure, but it’s not for everyone. Here’s why a careful evaluation process is crucial:

  • Severity of Illness: This surgery is typically considered a last resort for people whose heart is failing so badly that other treatments haven’t worked.
  • Overall Health: Doctors will assess the health of all your organs to make sure they’re strong enough to handle the transplant and recovery.
  • Cancer and Infections: Active cancer or serious infections can increase the risk of complications after surgery.
  • Lifestyle Choices: Smoking, heavy drinking, and uncontrolled diabetes can significantly impact the success of a transplant. These habits put extra strain on a new heart.

If you meet these initial criteria, further evaluation follows. Patients who continue to smoke or have poorly managed diabetes may not be eligible. Ultimately, if you’re deemed a good candidate, your name will be added to the national waiting list for a donor’s heart.

The Wait for a New Heart

The wait for a donor’s heart can vary depending on several factors. There’s no set timeframe because hearts are matched based on compatibility, not on a first-come, first-served basis. Here’s what affects the waiting time:

  • Compatibility: Matching blood type, organ size, and minimizing antibody rejection are crucial.
  • Waiting List Position: How long you’ve been waiting plays a role, but it’s balanced with the urgency of your condition.
  • Your Health: Staying as healthy as possible while you wait improves your chances of a successful transplant.

While waiting, it’s important to focus on maintaining your health. This might include following a specific diet, taking medications as prescribed, and exercising when possible (according to your doctor’s guidance).

Heart Transplant Surgery Procedure

When a matching donor heart becomes available, time is of the essence! The transplant surgery needs to happen within 4 hours of the heart being removed from the donor.  As soon as you’re notified by Ayushman Hospital, it’s important to act quickly to proceed with the surgery.

It’s important to understand that getting a heart transplant in Delhi, India is a multi-step process. The initial evaluation and preparation happen well before the actual surgery.  Here at Ayushman Hospital, our team of highly skilled heart transplant surgeons will guide you through every step of the way.

What to Expect During Heart Transplant Surgery

A heart transplant in Delhi is a major surgery, typically lasting 4-6 hours. If you’ve had previous heart surgeries or complications arise, it might take longer. Here’s a general outline of what to expect:

  • Chest Access: The surgeon will make an incision in your chest to access your heart.
  • Heart-Lung Bypass: A special machine will temporarily take over the job of your heart and lungs, keeping oxygen-rich blood flowing throughout your body.
  • Heart Removal: Once the bypass machine is working, your own heart will be carefully removed.
  • Donor Heart Placement: The donor’s healthy heart will be stitched into place and connected to your blood vessels.
  • Restarting the Heart: Ideally, the new heart will begin beating on its own once blood flow is restored. In some cases, a gentle electrical shock might be used to stimulate the heart.
  • Recovery: After surgery, you’ll be on a ventilator and closely monitored until your condition stabilizes. This may take several days in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Remember, this is a general overview. Your doctor will explain the specifics of your surgery in more detail.

Recovery After Your Heart Transplant

After a successful heart transplant, you’ll be closely monitored in the hospital for several weeks. This allows doctors to ensure your body is adjusting well to the new heart. During this time, expect regular tests like heart biopsies, EKGs, echos, and lung function tests to track your progress.

Here are some key things to know about recovery:

  • Medications: You’ll take various medications to manage your health. One crucial type is immunosuppressants, which prevent your body from rejecting the donor’s heart. These medications can have side effects, so talk to your doctor about managing them.
  • Rehabilitation: A personalized rehab program will help you adjust to your new lifestyle. This might include a heart-healthy diet and exercise plan to promote a strong recovery. Your cardiac rehab team will guide you through these changes.
  • Emotional Support: It’s normal to experience a range of emotions after a major surgery like this. 

Remember, a heart transplant offers a chance for a renewed life. By following your doctor’s instructions and focusing on healthy habits, you can optimize your recovery and enjoy a brighter future.

Why Choose Ayushman Hospital for Your Heart Transplant?

If you’re considering a heart transplant in Delhi, Ayushman Hospital can be your partner in this life-changing journey. Here’s what sets us apart:

  • Expert Heart Transplant Team: Our surgeons are highly skilled and experienced, with a proven track record of success in complex heart transplant procedures.
  • Advanced Technology: We are equipped with cutting-edge facilities, including a dedicated heart transplant unit and the latest medical technology to ensure optimal outcomes.
  • Focus on You: We prioritize comprehensive patient care, providing support and guidance throughout the entire transplant process, from pre-surgery evaluation to post-operative rehabilitation.
  • Trusted Reputation: Ayushman Hospital has earned a strong reputation for excellence in cardiac care, giving you peace of mind when making this crucial decision.
  • Convenient Locations: With multiple locations across India, we strive to make critical care accessible to a wider range of patients.

We understand that a heart transplant is a major step.  At Ayushman Hospital, we’re dedicated to providing you with the expertise, technology, and compassionate care you need for a successful outcome and a brighter future.

/by

Understanding Coronary Artery Disease: Symptoms and Prevention

Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a critical health condition that impacts the blood vessels responsible for supplying oxygen-rich blood to the heart. Recognizing the risk factors associated with CAD is crucial for early detection and prevention. Factors such as high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol levels, smoking, obesity, diabetes, family history of heart disease, and a sedentary lifestyle can significantly increase the likelihood of developing coronary artery disease.

Consulting with the best cardiologist in Delhi is paramount when it comes to understanding the risk factors and symptoms of CAD. Ayushman Hospital, renowned for its team of highly skilled and experienced heart specialists, stands as a beacon for providing exceptional care and guidance. If you suspect any symptoms, seeking consultation with a cardiologist in Delhi is crucial for early intervention.

Coronary Artery Disease Symptoms

Recognizing the symptoms of CAD is equally essential for timely intervention. The symptoms include:

  • Chest pain or discomfort (angina)
  • Shortness of breath
  • Fatigue
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • Sweating
  • Palpitation

These common signs should never be ignored. Seeking consultation with a cardiologist at Ayushman Hospital, known for its expertise in cardiovascular care, ensures an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plans tailored to individual needs. Trusting the best heart specialist in Delhi is paramount for comprehensive care and support.

Lifestyle Changes for Coronary Artery Disease Prevention

Adapting certain lifestyle changes can significantly contribute to the prevention of CAD. The following modifications are recommended:

  • Don’t Smoke: Smoking remains one of the leading risk factors for coronary artery disease. Quitting smoking is the most beneficial action for heart health.
  • Eat a Heart-Healthy Diet: A heart-healthy diet involves reducing the intake of saturated and trans fats, cholesterol, and sodium while increasing the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
  • Be Physically Active: Strive for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity weekly. Incorporating shorter sessions throughout the day is also effective.
  • Maintain a Healthy Weight: Being overweight or obese increases the risk of CAD. Even a small amount of weight loss can significantly improve heart health.
  • Manage Stress: Stress is linked to increased blood pressure and cholesterol levels, elevating the risk of CAD. Adopt healthy stress management techniques such as exercise, relaxation, and spending time with loved ones.
  • Regular Check-Ups: Regular medical check-ups are crucial for understanding and monitoring heart health, and preventing lifestyle disorders like CAD. Consult with a cardiologist in Delhi for personalized advice on maintaining heart health.
  • Consultation and Online Services: Taking the first step towards proper care involves consulting an expert. For any health concerns, it is recommended to undergo an examination by a certified medical professional or visit the finest cardiology hospital in Delhi. Additionally, online consultations with experts at Ayushman Hospital are available for expert advice and guidance.

Conclusion:

Coronary artery disease is a serious health condition that demands attention and proactive measures. Understanding the risk factors, recognizing symptoms, and adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle are key components of prevention. Trusting the expertise of the best cardiologist in Delhi ensures accurate diagnosis and personalized care.

By implementing lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking, adopting a heart-healthy diet, staying physically active, maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, and prioritizing regular check-ups, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of coronary artery disease. Taking preventive actions and seeking guidance from the finest cardiology hospital in Delhi are crucial steps towards a heart-healthy life. If you suspect any symptoms, consult with a cardiologist in Delhi for personalized advice and timely intervention.

/by

Clinical and Critical Cardiology

Clinical & Critical Cardiology

Clinical and Critical Cardiology: Understanding the Importance of Heart Health

Heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 17.9 million people died from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in 2019, accounting for 32% of all global deaths. In the United States alone, heart disease is responsible for one in four deaths, making it the leading cause of death for both men and women.

Clinical and critical cardiology are two essential fields of medicine that deal with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of heart diseases. These two areas of cardiology are crucial in ensuring the optimal care of patients with heart conditions.

What is Clinical Cardiology?

Clinical cardiology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases. Clinical cardiologists specialize in the management of patients with various heart conditions, such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease, and arrhythmias.

A clinical cardiologist typically evaluates patients who have symptoms of heart disease, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, or fatigue. The cardiologist conducts a comprehensive evaluation, including a physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests, such as electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, stress test, or cardiac catheterization.

Based on the evaluation, the cardiologist provides a diagnosis and recommends an appropriate treatment plan, which may include medications, lifestyle modifications, or procedures such as angioplasty or heart surgery. The cardiologist also provides ongoing management and follow-up care to ensure that the patient’s heart condition is well-controlled and any potential complications are addressed promptly.

What is Critical Cardiology?

Critical cardiology is a specialized field of medicine that deals with the management of patients with acute or life-threatening heart conditions, such as acute myocardial infarction (heart attack), cardiogenic shock, or severe heart failure. Critical cardiologists work in intensive care units (ICUs) and provide round-the-clock care to patients who require close monitoring and advanced interventions.

Critical cardiologists are trained in advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) and are skilled in using various life-saving treatments and devices, such as mechanical ventilation, intra-aortic balloon pump, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). These treatments help support the patient’s heart function and vital organs until the underlying condition is treated.

In addition to providing advanced interventions, critical cardiologists work closely with other healthcare professionals, such as cardiac surgeons, nurses, respiratory therapists, and pharmacists, to ensure the optimal care of critically ill patients. The goal is to stabilize the patient’s condition, minimize complications, and improve the chances of a full recovery.

Why is Heart Health Important?

Heart health is essential for overall health and well-being. The heart is a vital organ that pumps blood and oxygen to all parts of the body, providing the necessary nutrients and energy for cells to function properly. When the heart is not functioning correctly, it can lead to various complications, such as heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, or even death.

Maintaining a healthy heart involves adopting healthy lifestyle habits, such as regular exercise, a balanced diet, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption, and managing stress. In addition, it is crucial to managing any underlying medical conditions that may affect heart health, such as hypertension, high cholesterol, or diabetes.

Early detection and treatment of heart disease are critical in preventing complications and improving outcomes. Regular check-ups with a cardiologist can help identify any potential risk factors or early signs of heart disease, allowing for prompt intervention and treatment.

Conclusion

Clinical and critical cardiology are two critical areas of medicine that play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal care of patients with heart diseases.

/by